A higher concentration of agarose results in stronger gels.Matrix of agarose gel works as a molecular filter through the DNA fragments can move upon the application of an electric current.The movement of DNA across the gel depends on the size of DNA molecules Agarose concentration, the conformation of DNA, applied current When an electrical field is applied to the gel, it is moved toward the anode. DNA’s charge is negative when it’s at neutral pH.The density or the size of the pore that is determined by the the concentration of the agarose.ĭifferent states of agarose gel formation depending upon the temperature | Image Source: sugar polymers cross-link each other, causing the solution to gel. When it cools, agarose is subjected to polymerization i.e. The solution that is molten is then poured into a mould and then allowed to set. Pure agarose is that is insoluble in buffer or water at room temperature, but it dissolves upon boiling.

Agarose is an amorphous polymer that has been extracted from seaweeds.To visualize separated DNA fragments according to their molecular size by applying an electric current to the gel matrix.DNA can be purified from gels by a number of methods such as: Electroelution, electrophoresis onto DEAE Cellulose/Nitrocellulose (NA45) paper, using b-Agarase (from low melting agarose) or using glass beads/ silica etc.Agarose gels can be utilized to efficiently separate fragments ranging from 50 bp to a few thousand bases long by altering the porosity the gel and the application of current.The procedure consists of three essential steps: Preparation the agarose gel, Electrophoresis of DNA fragments visualization of DNA fragments.The DNA’s position in the agarose gel is revealed by staining the gel with a low amount of intercalating fluorescent dyes like Ethidium bromide.This procedure is easy and quick to execute and can resolve DNA fragments that cannot be separated with other techniques like density gradient centrifugation.In Agarose Gel Electrophoresis the Smaller molecules are more efficient and travel further than larger ones.The separation of RNA and DNA molecules is accomplished when nucleic acids that are negatively charged travel through an agarose structure under an influence of an electrical fields (electrophoresis).Agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) is an approach that is used to distinguish DNA from RNA based on their molecular sizes.

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